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Network spatial weights

Plotting demonstration of network arc contiguity in spaghetti

Author: James D. Gaboardi jgaboardi@gmail.com

This notebook demonstrates plotting for the following:

  1. A basic geometric object (triangle) represented as a network

  2. A regular lattice

  3. An empirical example

[1]:

%config InlineBackend.figure_format = "retina"

[2]:

%load_ext watermark
%watermark

Last updated: 2022-11-01T23:12:56.027784-04:00

Python implementation: CPython
Python version       : 3.10.6
IPython version      : 8.6.0

Compiler    : Clang 13.0.1
OS          : Darwin
Release     : 22.1.0
Machine     : x86_64
Processor   : i386
CPU cores   : 8
Architecture: 64bit


[3]:

import geopandas
import libpysal
from libpysal.cg import Point, Chain
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import spaghetti
%matplotlib inline
%watermark -w
%watermark -iv

Watermark: 2.3.1

spaghetti : 1.6.8
libpysal  : 4.6.2
matplotlib: 3.6.1
json      : 2.0.9
geopandas : 0.12.1


/Users/the-gaboardi/miniconda3/envs/py310_spgh_dev/lib/python3.10/site-packages/spaghetti/network.py:39: FutureWarning: The next major release of pysal/spaghetti (2.0.0) will drop support for all ``libpysal.cg`` geometries. This change is a first step in refactoring ``spaghetti`` that is expected to result in dramatically reduced runtimes for network instantiation and operations. Users currently requiring network and point pattern input as ``libpysal.cg`` geometries should prepare for this simply by converting to ``shapely`` geometries.
  warnings.warn(f"{dep_msg}", FutureWarning)

Helper function for plotting weights

[4]:

def plot_weights(_ntw, _arcs_df, _base):
    """Plot network arc spatial weights."""
    node_kws, edge_kws = {"s":100, "zorder":2}, {"zorder":1}
    w_kws = {"edge_kws":edge_kws, "node_kws":node_kws}
    _ntw.w_network.plot(_arcs_df, indexed_on="id", ax=_base, **w_kws)

Helper functions for arc and vertex labeling

[5]:

def arc_labels(a, b, s, offset=[0.035, 0.0]):
    """Label each network arc."""
    def _lab_loc(_x):
        """Helper for labeling network arcs."""
        xy = _x.geometry.interpolate(0.5, normalized=True).coords[0]
        xy = tuple([_xy+o for (_xy,o) in zip(xy,offset)])
        return xy
    kws = {"ha":"left", "va":"bottom","weight":"bold","color":"k","size":s}
    a.apply(lambda x: b.annotate(text=x.id, xy=_lab_loc(x), **kws), axis=1)

def vert_labels(v, b, s, offset=[0.025, 0.025]):
    """Label each network vertex."""
    def _lab_loc(_x):
        """Internal helper for labeling vertices."""
        xy = _x.geometry.coords[0]
        xy = tuple([_xy+o for (_xy,o) in zip(xy,offset)])
        return xy
    kws = {"ha":"left", "va":"bottom","weight":"bold","color":"r","size":s}
    v.apply(lambda x: b.annotate(text=x.id, xy=_lab_loc(x), **kws), axis=1)

1. Triangle

Generate a spaghetti.Network and plot

[6]:

triangle = [
    Chain([Point([0, 0]), Point([0, 3])]),
    Chain([Point([0, 3]), Point([4, 0])]),
    Chain([Point([4, 0]), Point([0, 0])]),
]
triangle

[6]:

[<libpysal.cg.shapes.Chain at 0x1674c5510>,
 <libpysal.cg.shapes.Chain at 0x1674c5bd0>,
 <libpysal.cg.shapes.Chain at 0x1674c5a80>]

[7]:

ntw = spaghetti.Network(in_data=triangle)
vertices_df, arcs_df = spaghetti.element_as_gdf(ntw, vertices=True, arcs=True)

[8]:

base_kws = {"figsize":(12, 12), "lw":5, "color":"k", "zorder":0}
base = arcs_df.plot(**base_kws, alpha=.35)
vertices_df.plot(ax=base, fc="r", ec="k", markersize=50, zorder=2)
# arc labels
arc_labels(arcs_df, base, 12)
# vertex labels
vert_labels(vertices_df, base, 14)
../_images/notebooks_network-spatial-weights_11_0.png

An arc-based spatial weights attribute is generated with network instantiaton—w_network.

[9]:

ntw.w_network

[9]:

<libpysal.weights.weights.W at 0x1674c5ea0>

[10]:

print(dir(ntw.w_network))

['_W__get_id_order', '_W__neighbors_0', '_W__set_id_order', '__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__lt__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', '_build_sparse', '_cache', '_cardinalities', '_component_labels', '_id2i', '_id_order', '_id_order_set', '_n', '_n_components', '_reset', '_sparse', '_transform', 'asymmetries', 'asymmetry', 'cardinalities', 'component_labels', 'diagW2', 'diagWtW', 'diagWtW_WW', 'from_WSP', 'from_adjlist', 'from_file', 'from_networkx', 'from_shapefile', 'full', 'get_transform', 'histogram', 'id2i', 'id_order', 'id_order_set', 'islands', 'max_neighbors', 'mean_neighbors', 'min_neighbors', 'n', 'n_components', 'neighbor_offsets', 'neighbors', 'nonzero', 'pct_nonzero', 'plot', 'remap_ids', 's0', 's1', 's2', 's2array', 'sd', 'set_shapefile', 'set_transform', 'silence_warnings', 'sparse', 'symmetrize', 'to_WSP', 'to_adjlist', 'to_file', 'to_networkx', 'transform', 'transformations', 'trcW2', 'trcWtW', 'trcWtW_WW', 'weights']

The plot() method in the libpysal.weights.W class can be used along with a geopandas.GeoDataFrame to visualize contiguity.

[11]:

base = arcs_df.plot(**base_kws, alpha=.35)
plot_weights(ntw, arcs_df, base)
vertices_df.plot(ax=base, fc="r", ec="k", markersize=50, zorder=2)
# arc labels
arc_labels(arcs_df, base, 12)
# vertex labels
vert_labels(vertices_df, base, 14)
../_images/notebooks_network-spatial-weights_16_0.png

2. Regular lattice

Generate a spaghetti.Network from a 4x4 regular lattice and plot

[12]:

lattice = spaghetti.regular_lattice((0,0,3,3), 2, exterior=True)
ntw = spaghetti.Network(in_data=lattice)

[13]:

vertices_df, arcs_df = spaghetti.element_as_gdf(ntw, vertices=True, arcs=True)

[14]:

base = arcs_df.plot(**base_kws, alpha=.35)
plot_weights(ntw, arcs_df, base)
vertices_df.plot(ax=base, fc="r", ec="k", markersize=50, zorder=2)
# arc labels
arc_labels(arcs_df, base, 12)
# vertex labels
vert_labels(vertices_df, base, 14)
plt.xlim(-0.25, 3.5);
../_images/notebooks_network-spatial-weights_20_0.png

Plot only the arc weights

[15]:

base = arcs_df.plot(**base_kws, alpha=.0)
plot_weights(ntw, arcs_df, base)
arc_labels(arcs_df, base, 12)
plt.xlim(-0.25, 3.5);
../_images/notebooks_network-spatial-weights_22_0.png

3. Emprical Example — geodanet/streets.shp

Read in a libpysal.example and create a spaghetti.Network, then plot.

[16]:

ntw = spaghetti.Network(in_data=libpysal.examples.get_path("streets.shp"))

[17]:

vertices_df, arcs_df = spaghetti.element_as_gdf(ntw, vertices=True, arcs=True)

[18]:

base = arcs_df.plot(**base_kws, alpha=.35)
vertices_df.plot(ax=base, fc="r", ec="k", markersize=50, zorder=2);
../_images/notebooks_network-spatial-weights_26_0.png 
[19]:

base = arcs_df.plot(**base_kws, alpha=.35)
plot_weights(ntw, arcs_df, base)
vertices_df.plot(ax=base, fc="r", ec="k", markersize=50, zorder=2);
../_images/notebooks_network-spatial-weights_27_0.png 
[20]:

base = arcs_df.plot(**base_kws, alpha=.0)
plot_weights(ntw, arcs_df, base)
../_images/notebooks_network-spatial-weights_28_0.png